--help

display this help and exit

--version

output version information and exitAn omitted EXPRESSION defaults to false. Otherwise, EXPRESSION is true or false and sets exit status. It isone of:( EXPRESSION )EXPRESSION is true! EXPRESSIONEXPRESSION is falseEXPRESSION1 -a EXPRESSION2both EXPRESSION1 and EXPRESSION2 are trueEXPRESSION1 -o EXPRESSION2either EXPRESSION1 or EXPRESSION2 is true

-n

the length of STRING is nonzeroSTRING equivalent to -n STRING

-z

the length of STRING is zeroSTRING1 = STRING2the strings are equalSTRING1 != STRING2the strings are not equalINTEGER1 -eq INTEGER2INTEGER1 is equal to INTEGER2INTEGER1 -ge INTEGER2INTEGER1 is greater than or equal to INTEGER2INTEGER1 -gt INTEGER2INTEGER1 is greater than INTEGER2INTEGER1 -le INTEGER2INTEGER1 is less than or equal to INTEGER2INTEGER1 -lt INTEGER2INTEGER1 is less than INTEGER2INTEGER1 -ne INTEGER2INTEGER1 is not equal to INTEGER2FILE1 -ef FILE2FILE1 and FILE2 have the same device and inode numbersFILE1 -nt FILE2FILE1 is newer (modification date) than FILE2FILE1 -ot FILE2FILE1 is older than FILE2

-b

FILE exists and is block special

-c

FILE exists and is character special

-d

FILE exists and is a directory

-f

FILE exists and is a regular file

-g

FILE exists and is set-group-ID

-G

FILE exists and is owned by the effective group ID

-h

FILE exists and is a symbolic link (same as -L)

-k

FILE exists and has its sticky bit set

-L

FILE exists and is a symbolic link (same as -h)

-O

FILE exists and is owned by the effective user ID

-p

FILE exists and is a named pipe

-r

FILE exists and read permission is granted

-s

FILE exists and has a size greater than zero

-S

FILE exists and is a socket

-t

FD file descriptor FD is opened on a terminal

-u

FILE exists and its set-user-ID bit is set

-w

FILE exists and write permission is granted

-x

FILE exists and execute (or search) permission is grantedExcept for -h and -L, all FILE-related tests dereference symbolic links. Beware that parentheses need to beescaped (e.g., by backslashes) for shells. INTEGER may also be -l STRING, which evaluates to the length ofSTRING.NOTE: Binary -a and -o are inherently ambiguous. Use 'test EXPR1 && test EXPR2' or 'test EXPR1 || test EXPR2'instead.NOTE: [ honors the --help and --version options, but test does not. test treats each of those as it treatsany other nonempty STRING.NOTE: your shell may have its own version of test and/or [, which usually supersedes the version describedhere. Please refer to your shell's documentation for details about the options it supports.AUTHORWritten by Kevin Braunsdorf and Matthew Bradburn.REPORTING BUGSGNU coreutils online help: <http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>Report [ translation bugs to <http://translationproject.org/team/>COPYRIGHTCopyright © 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc. License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later<http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it. There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent per‐mitted by law.