-4

Use only IPv4 to contact any host.

-i

Turns off interactive prompting during multiple file transfers.

-e

Disables command editing and history support, if it was compiled into the ftp executable. Otherwise, does nothing.

-g

Disables file name globbing.

-v

Verbose option forces ftp to show all responses from the remote server, as well as report on data transfer statistics.

-d

The client host and an optional port number with which ftp is to communicate may be specified on the command line. If this is done,ftp will immediately attempt to establish a connection to an FTP server on that host; otherwise, ftp will enter its command interpreterand await instructions from the user. When ftp is awaiting commands from the user the prompt ‘ftp>’ is provided to the user. The fol‐lowing commands are recognized by ftp:! [command [args]]Invoke an interactive shell on the local machine. If there are arguments, the first is taken to be a command to executedirectly, with the rest of the arguments as its arguments.$ macro-name [args]Execute the macro macro-name that was defined with the macdef command. Arguments are passed to the macro unglobbed.account [passwd]Supply a supplemental password required by a remote system for access to resources once a login has been successfully com‐pleted. If no argument is included, the user will be prompted for an account password in a non-echoing input mode.append local-file [remote-file]Append a local file to a file on the remote machine. If remote-file is left unspecified, the local file name is used innaming the remote file after being altered by any ntrans or nmap setting. File transfer uses the current settings fortype, format, mode, and structure.ascii Set the file transfer type to network ASCII. This is the default type.bell Arrange that a bell be sounded after each file transfer command is completed.binary Set the file transfer type to support binary image transfer.bye Terminate the FTP session with the remote server and exit ftp. An end of file will also terminate the session and exit.case Toggle remote computer file name case mapping during mget commands. When case is on (default is off), remote computer filenames with all letters in upper case are written in the local directory with the letters mapped to lower case.cd remote-directoryChange the working directory on the remote machine to remote-directory.cdup Change the remote machine working directory to the parent of the current remote machine working directory.chmod mode file-nameChange the permission modes of the file file-name on the remote system to mode.close Terminate the FTP session with the remote server, and return to the command interpreter. Any defined macros are erased.cr Toggle carriage return stripping during ascii type file retrieval. Records are denoted by a carriage return/linefeedsequence during ascii type file transfer. When cr is on (the default), carriage returns are stripped from this sequence toconform with the UNIX single linefeed record delimiter. Records on non-UNIX remote systems may contain single linefeeds;when an ascii type transfer is made, these linefeeds may be distinguished from a record delimiter only when cr is off.qc Toggle the printing of control characters in the output of ASCII type commands. When this is turned on, control charactersare replaced with a question mark if the output file is the standard output. This is the default when the standard outputis a tty.delete remote-fileDelete the file remote-file on the remote machine.debug [debug-value]Toggle debugging mode. If an optional debug-value is specified it is used to set the debugging level. When debugging ison, ftp prints each command sent to the remote machine, preceded by the string ‘-->’dir [remote-directory] [local-file]Print a listing of the directory contents in the directory, remote-directory, and, optionally, placing the output inlocal-file. If interactive prompting is on, ftp will prompt the user to verify that the last argument is indeed the targetlocal file for receiving dir output. If no directory is specified, the current working directory on the remote machine isused. If no local file is specified, or local-file is -, output comes to the terminal.disconnect A synonym for close.form formatSet the file transfer form to format. The default format is “file”.get remote-file [local-file]Retrieve the remote-file and store it on the local machine. If the local file name is not specified, it is given the samename it has on the remote machine, subject to alteration by the current case, ntrans, and nmap settings. The current set‐tings for type, form, mode, and structure are used while transferring the file.glob Toggle filename expansion for mdelete, mget and mput. If globbing is turned off with glob, the file name arguments aretaken literally and not expanded. Globbing for mput is done as in csh(1). For mdelete and mget, each remote file name isexpanded separately on the remote machine and the lists are not merged. Expansion of a directory name is likely to be dif‐ferent from expansion of the name of an ordinary file: the exact result depends on the foreign operating system and ftpserver, and can be previewed by doing ‘mls remote-files -’ Note: mget and mput are not meant to transfer entire directorysubtrees of files. That can be done by transferring a tar(1) archive of the subtree (in binary mode).hash [increment]Toggle hash-sign (``#'') printing for each transferred data block, but only in the absence of an argument. The size of adata block is set to 1024 bytes by default, but can be changed by the argument increment, which also accepts the suffixedmultipliers 'k' and 'K' for kilobytes, 'm' and 'M' for Megabytes, and finally 'g' and 'G' for Gigabytes. Setting a sizeactivates hash printing unconditionally.help [command]Print an informative message about the meaning of command. If no argument is given, ftp prints a list of the known com‐mands.idle [seconds]Set the inactivity timer on the remote server to seconds seconds. If seconds is omitted, the current inactivity timer isprinted.ipany Allow the address resolver to return any address family.ipv4 Restrict the address resolver to look only for IPv4 addresses.ipv6 Restrict host adressing to IPv6 only.lcd [directory]Change the working directory on the local machine. If no directory is specified, the user's home directory is used.ls [remote-directory] [local-file]Print a listing of the contents of a directory on the remote machine. The listing includes any system-dependent informa‐tion that the server chooses to include; for example, most UNIX systems will produce output from the command ‘ls -l’. (Seealso nlist.) If remote-directory is left unspecified, the current working directory is used. If interactive prompting ison, ftp will prompt the user to verify that the last argument is indeed the target local file for receiving ls output. Ifno local file is specified, or if local-file is ‘-’, the output is sent to the terminal.macdef macro-nameDefine a macro. Subsequent lines are stored as the macro macro-name; a null line (consecutive newline characters in a fileor carriage returns from the terminal) terminates macro input mode. There is a limit of 16 macros and 4096 total charac‐ters in all defined macros. Macros remain defined until a close command is executed. The macro processor interprets `$'and `\' as special characters. A `$' followed by a number (or numbers) is replaced by the corresponding argument on themacro invocation command line. A `$' followed by an `i' signals that macro processor that the executing macro is to belooped. On the first pass `$i' is replaced by the first argument on the macro invocation command line, on the second passit is replaced by the second argument, and so on. A `\' followed by any character is replaced by that character. Use the`\' to prevent special treatment of the `$'.mdelete [remote-files]Delete the remote-files on the remote machine.mdir remote-files local-fileLike dir, except multiple remote files may be specified. If interactive prompting is on, ftp will prompt the user to ver‐ify that the last argument is indeed the target local file for receiving mdir output.mget remote-filesExpand the remote-files on the remote machine and do a get for each file name thus produced. See glob for details on thefilename expansion. Resulting file names will then be processed according to case, ntrans, and nmap settings. Files aretransferred into the local working directory, which can be changed with ‘lcd directory’; new local directories can be cre‐ated with ‘! mkdir directory’.mkdir directory-nameMake a directory on the remote machine.mls remote-files local-fileLike nlist, except multiple remote files may be specified, and the local-file must be specified. If interactive promptingis on, ftp will prompt the user to verify that the last argument is indeed the target local file for receiving mls output.mode [mode-name]Set the file transfer mode to mode-name. The default mode is “stream” mode.modtime file-nameShow the last modification time of the file on the remote machine.mput local-filesExpand wild cards in the list of local files given as arguments and do a put for each file in the resulting list. See globfor details of filename expansion. Resulting file names will then be processed according to ntrans and nmap settings.newer file-name [local-file]Get the file only if the modification time of the remote file is more recent that the file on the current system. If thefile does not exist on the current system, the remote file is considered newer. Otherwise, this command is identical toget.nlist [remote-directory] [local-file]Print a list of the files in a directory on the remote machine. If remote-directory is left unspecified, the currentworking directory is used. If interactive prompting is on, ftp will prompt the user to verify that the last argument isindeed the target local file for receiving nlist output. If no local file is specified, or if local-file is -, the outputis sent to the terminal.nmap [inpattern outpattern]Set or unset the filename mapping mechanism. If no arguments are specified, the filename mapping mechanism is unset. Ifarguments are specified, remote filenames are mapped during mput commands and put commands issued without a specifiedremote target filename. If arguments are specified, local filenames are mapped during mget commands and get commandsissued without a specified local target filename. This command is useful when connecting to a non-UNIX remote computerwith different file naming conventions or practices. The mapping follows the pattern set by inpattern and outpattern.[Inpattern] is a template for incoming filenames (which may have already been processed according to the ntrans and casesettings). Variable templating is accomplished by including the sequences `$1', `$2', ..., `$9' in inpattern. Use `\' toprevent this special treatment of the `$' character. All other characters are treated literally, and are used to determinethe nmap [inpattern] variable values. For example, given inpattern $1.$2 and the remote file name "mydata.data", $1 wouldhave the value "mydata", and $2 would have the value "data". The outpattern determines the resulting mapped filename. Thesequences `$1', `$2', ...., `$9' are replaced by any value resulting from the inpattern template. The sequence `$0' isreplace by the original filename. Additionally, the sequence ‘[seq1, seq2]’ is replaced by [seq1] if seq1 is not a nullstring; otherwise it is replaced by seq2. For example, the commandnmap $1.$2.$3 [$1,$2].[$2,file]would yield the output filename "myfile.data" for input filenames "myfile.data" and "myfile.data.old", "myfile.file" forthe input filename "myfile", and "myfile.myfile" for the input filename ".myfile". Spaces may be included in outpattern,as in the example: `nmap $1 sed "s/ *$//" > $1' . Use the `\' character to prevent special treatment of the `$','[','[',and `,' characters.ntrans [inchars [outchars]]Set or unset the filename character translation mechanism. If no arguments are specified, the filename character transla‐tion mechanism is unset. If arguments are specified, characters in remote filenames are translated during mput commandsand put commands issued without a specified remote target filename. If arguments are specified, characters in local file‐names are translated during mget commands and get commands issued without a specified local target filename. This commandis useful when connecting to a non-UNIX remote computer with different file naming conventions or practices. Characters ina filename matching a character in inchars are replaced with the corresponding character in outchars. If the character'sposition in inchars is longer than the length of outchars, the character is deleted from the file name.open host [port]Establish a connection to the specified host FTP server. An optional port number may be supplied, in which case, ftp willattempt to contact an FTP server at that port. If the auto-login option is on (default), ftp will also attempt to automat‐ically log the user in to the FTP server (see below).prompt Toggle interactive prompting. Interactive prompting occurs during multiple file transfers to allow the user to selectivelyretrieve or store files. If prompting is turned off (default is on), any mget or mput will transfer all files, and anymdelete will delete all files.proxy ftp-commandExecute an ftp command on a secondary control connection. This command allows simultaneous connection to two remote ftpservers for transferring files between the two servers. The first proxy command should be an open, to establish the sec‐ondary control connection. Enter the command "proxy ?" to see other ftp commands executable on the secondary connection.The following commands behave differently when prefaced by proxy: open will not define new macros during the auto-loginprocess, close will not erase existing macro definitions, get and mget transfer files from the host on the primary controlconnection to the host on the secondary control connection, and put, mput, and append transfer files from the host on thesecondary control connection to the host on the primary control connection. Third party file transfers depend upon supportof the ftp protocol PASV command by the server on the secondary control connection.put local-file [remote-file]Store a local file on the remote machine. If remote-file is left unspecified, the local file name is used after processingaccording to any ntrans or nmap settings in naming the remote file. File transfer uses the current settings for type,format, mode, and structure.pwd Print the name of the current working directory on the remote machine.quit A synonym for bye.quote arg1 arg2 ...The arguments specified are sent, verbatim, to the remote FTP server.recv remote-file [local-file]A synonym for get.reget remote-file [local-file]Reget acts like get, except that if local-file exists and is smaller than remote-file, local-file is presumed to be a par‐tially transferred copy of remote-file and the transfer is continued from the apparent point of failure. If local-filedoes not exist ftp won't fetch the file. This command is useful when transferring very large files over networks that areprone to dropping connections.remotehelp [command-name]Request help from the remote FTP server. If a command-name is specified it is supplied to the server as well.remotestatus [file-name]With no arguments, show status of remote machine. If file-name is specified, show status of file-name on remote machine.rename [from] [to]Rename the file from on the remote machine, to the file to.reset Clear reply queue. This command re-synchronizes command/reply sequencing with the remote ftp server. Resynchronizationmay be necessary following a violation of the ftp protocol by the remote server.restart markerRestart the immediately following get or put at the indicated marker. On UNIX systems, marker is usually a byte offsetinto the file.rmdir directory-nameDelete a directory on the remote machine.runique Toggle storing of files on the local system with unique filenames. If a file already exists with a name equal to the tar‐get local filename for a get or mget command, a ".1" is appended to the name. If the resulting name matches another exist‐ing file, a ".2" is appended to the original name. If this process continues up to ".99", an error message is printed, andthe transfer does not take place. The generated unique filename will be reported. Note that runique will not affect localfiles generated from a shell command (see below). The default value is off.send local-file [remote-file]A synonym for put.sendport Toggle the use of PORT commands. By default, ftp will attempt to use a PORT command when establishing a connection foreach data transfer. The use of PORT commands can prevent delays when performing multiple file transfers. If the PORT com‐mand fails, ftp will use the default data port. When the use of PORT commands is disabled, no attempt will be made to usePORT commands for each data transfer. This is useful for certain FTP implementations which do ignore PORT commands but,incorrectly, indicate they've been accepted.site arg1 arg2 ...The arguments specified are sent, verbatim, to the remote FTP server as a SITE command.size file-nameReturn size of file-name on remote machine.status Show the current status of ftp.struct [struct-name]Set the file transfer structure to struct-name. By default “stream” structure is used.sunique Toggle storing of files on remote machine under unique file names. Remote ftp server must support ftp protocol STOU com‐mand for successful completion. The remote server will report unique name. Default value is off.system Show the type of operating system running on the remote machine.tenex Set the file transfer type to that needed to talk to TENEX machines.trace Toggle packet tracing.type [type-name]Set the file transfer type to type-name. If no type is specified, the current type is printed. The default type is net‐work ASCII.umask [newmask]Set the default umask on the remote server to newmask. If newmask is omitted, the current umask is printed.user user-name [password] [account]Identify yourself to the remote FTP server. If the password is not specified and the server requires it, ftp will promptthe user for it (after disabling local echo). If an account field is not specified, and the FTP server requires it, theuser will be prompted for it. If an account field is specified, an account command will be relayed to the remote serverafter the login sequence is completed if the remote server did not require it for logging in. Unless ftp is invoked with“auto-login” disabled, this process is done automatically on initial connection to the FTP server.verbose Toggle verbose mode. In verbose mode, all responses from the FTP server are displayed to the user. In addition, if ver‐bose is on, when a file transfer completes, statistics regarding the efficiency of the transfer are reported. By default,verbose is on.? [command]A synonym for help.Command arguments which have embedded spaces may be quoted with quote `"' marks.ABORTING A FILE TRANSFERTo abort a file transfer, use the terminal interrupt key (usually Ctrl-C). Sending transfers will be immediately halted. Receivingtransfers will be halted by sending a ftp protocol ABOR command to the remote server, and discarding any further data received. Thespeed at which this is accomplished depends upon the remote server's support for ABOR processing. If the remote server does not sup‐port the ABOR command, an ‘ftp>’ prompt will not appear until the remote server has completed sending the requested file.The terminal interrupt key sequence will be ignored when ftp has completed any local processing and is awaiting a reply from the remoteserver. A long delay in this mode may result from the ABOR processing described above, or from unexpected behavior by the remoteserver, including violations of the ftp protocol. If the delay results from unexpected remote server behavior, the local ftp programmust be killed by hand.FILE NAMING CONVENTIONSFiles specified as arguments to ftp commands are processed according to the following rules.1. If the file name ‘-’ is specified, the stdin (for reading) or stdout (for writing) is used.2. If the first character of the file name is ‘|’, the remainder of the argument is interpreted as a shell command. Ftp then forks ashell, using popen(3) with the argument supplied, and reads (writes) from the stdout (stdin). If the shell command includes spa‐ces, the argument must be quoted; e.g. “" ls -lt"”. A particularly useful example of this mechanism is: “dir more”.3. Failing the above checks, if ``globbing'' is enabled, local file names are expanded according to the rules used in the csh(1);c.f. the glob command. If the ftp command expects a single local file (.e.g. put), only the first filename generated by the"globbing" operation is used.4. For mget commands and get commands with unspecified local file names, the local filename is the remote filename, which may bealtered by a case, ntrans, or nmap setting. The resulting filename may then be altered if runique is on.5. For mput commands and put commands with unspecified remote file names, the remote filename is the local filename, which may bealtered by a ntrans or nmap setting. The resulting filename may then be altered by the remote server if sunique is on.FILE TRANSFER PARAMETERSThe FTP specification specifies many parameters which may affect a file transfer. The type may be one of “ascii”, “image” (binary),“ebcdic”, and “local byte size” (for PDP-10's and PDP-20's mostly). Ftp supports the ascii and image types of file transfer, pluslocal byte size 8 for tenex mode transfers.Ftp supports only the default values for the remaining file transfer parameters: mode, form, and struct.ENVIRONMENTFtp utilizes the following environment variables.HOME For default location of a .netrc file, if one exists.SHELL For default shell.